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      Welcome to our research center! We've put together a library of information on important financial topics that we believe you'll find helpful.

      Simply click on one of the general financial topics below and you'll find a selection of easy-to-understand information sheets about related financial concepts and strategies. This information is updated regularly to reflect the latest facts, figures, legislation, and economic trends.

      Investing

      There are five broad asset classes that you should take into consideration when constructing your investment portfolio.

      Investing

      It’s important to understand mutual fund loads, or sales charges, and exactly what they entail so you can make informed investing decisions.

      Investing

      An annuity is a flexible financial vehicle that can help protect against the risk of living a long time because it provides an option for a lifetime income.

      Investing

      One attractive feature of an annuity is tax-deferral but qualified and non-qualified annuities are taxed differently.

      Investing

      The labels growth and value reflect different approaches that can be used when making investment decisions.

      Investing

      Asset allocation is a method used to help manage investment risk; it does not guarantee a profit or protect against investment loss.

      Investing

      Understanding different types of investment risk can help investors manage their money more effectively.

      Investing

      Stock market indexes can be useful benchmarks for gauging the performance of an investment portfolio over time.

      Investing

      A bond is simply evidence of a debt from a government entity or a corporation and represents a long-term IOU.

      Investing

      Mutual fund taxes can be cumbersome, but there are ways to help mitigate the amount of taxes you may owe.

      Investing

      Starting to invest early for college and remaining consistent can help investors reach their goals.

      Investing

      With closed-end funds, investors pool their money together to purchase a professionally managed portfolio of stocks and/or bonds.

      Investing

      Both fixed and variable annuities could be appropriate options for an individual interested in purchasing an annuity.

      Investing

      An important element to successful investing is to manage investment risk while maintaining the potential for growth.

      Investing

      It's important to understand the strengths and weaknesses of common stock versus preferred stock.

      Investing

      529 plans are tax-advantaged savings plans that generally allow people of any income level to contribute.

      Investing

      Before investing in stocks, it is important to understand some of the basics and the risks involved in owning stocks.

      Investing

      Dollar-cost averaging involves investing a set amount of money on a regular basis, regardless of market conditions.

      Investing

      A mutual fund is a collection of stocks, bonds, and other securities with certain benefits and risks.

      Investing

      It is important to understand how dividends (taxable payments to shareholders) fit with your long-term goals.

      Investing

      The difference between purchasing an individual stock versus shares in a mutual fund to potentially earn dividends.

      Investing

      Zero-coupon bonds represent a type of bond that does not pay interest during the life of the bond.

      Investing

      ETFs have unique attributes and attempt to track all types of indexes, industries, or commodities.

      Investing

      There are several funding methods for a child's college education including mutual funds and Section 529 plans.

      Investing

      A bond ladder is a strategy involving the purchase of bonds that have staggered maturity dates.

      Investing

      Bond ratings gauge a bond issuer’s financial ability to repay its promised principal and interest payments.

      Investing

      There are other ways to invest in stocks and bonds besides owning individual shares or bonds.

      Investing

      Bonds are issued by many entities and share many characteristics, each type of bond has certain benefits and risks.

      Cash Management

      Historically, one of the best ways to fight the effects of inflation has been to utilize growth-oriented investments.

      Risk Management

      Selecting health insurance is often one of the most important decisions you will make. Do you know the different types?

      Risk Management

      Company-owned life insurance is one way to help protect a business from financial problems caused by the death of a key employee.

      Cash Management

      There are techniques that can enable older homeowners to use their property to finance their lifestyle.

      Cash Management

      There are a number of savings alternatives that could help you earn a reasonable rate of return.

      Cash Management

      A sound cash management program uses a disciplined approach: accounting, analysis, allocation, and adjustment.

      Risk Management

      Some of the pros and cons of whole life insurance.

      Cash Management

      Before making investment decisions, it is helpful to determine the real rate of return on the investment.

      Risk Management

      Medicare is the federal health insurance program for those persons age 65 and over. But what does it cover?

      Risk Management

      Consider additional liability insurance to help protect you from the potentially devastating effects of liability lawsuits.

      Risk Management

      Since your home is one of your greatest assets, you should make sure it is adequately protected. That's where homeowners insurance enters the picture.

      Cash Management

      Short-term cash management instruments can help you establish a sound cash management program.

      Cash Management

      Here are some smart ways to refinance your home.

      Risk Management

      As a business owner, a disability can create an economic hardship putting both your personal finances and business at risk.

      Risk Management

      Term life insurance differs from permanent forms of life insurance in that it offers temporary protection.

      Risk Management

      When selecting a life insurance policy, examine all your options, as well as the positives and negatives of each type.

      Cash Management

      Biweekly mortgage payments can have a dramatic effect on the amount of interest homeowners have to pay.

      Risk Management

      There are three basic types of medical insurance plans: fee-for-service, managed care, and high-deductible health plan.

      Risk Management

      Couples who want to help protect their legacy from estate taxes could consider last-survivor life insurance.

      Cash Management

      There are numerous investment alternatives available to help provide liquidity.

      Cash Management

      It's important to understand the options, such as financial aid grant programs, when having to pay for college.

      Risk Management

      Property and casualty insurance can help protect a variety of assets. Find out what it does and doesn’t cover.

      Risk Management

      Consider a universal life insurance policy if you want the flexibility to change your premium or death benefit.

      Risk Management

      Variable life insurance gives you the control to allocate your account value among a variety of investment options.

      Risk Management

      Several factors could undermine the financial security provided by the proceeds of your life insurance policy.

      Risk Management

      To help you choose insurance wisely, determine how much coverage and what kind of policy is best for your situation.

      Risk Management

      When it is time to make an insurance claim, it helps if you are familiar with your policies and the steps you should take to file a claim.

      Risk Management

      The odds of needing long-term care increase as you age. Prior planning can help protect you from financial ruin.

      Risk Management

      Using a financially sound insurance company is an important part of ensuring your family’s financial security.

      Risk Management

      A business owner policy is an insurance package that assembles the basic coverages required by a business owner in one bundle.

      Risk Management

      Even if your state doesn’t require certain types of auto insurance, it may be wise to purchase multiple types to ensure you are covered for a variety of situations.

      Cash Management

      Shifting some debt to a home equity loan, which typically allows interest payments to be tax deductible, could have its advantages.

      Risk Management

      An annuity is a contract between you and an insurance company to pay you future income in exchange for premiums you pay.

      Cash Management

      Money market funds can be a highly liquid and effective cash management tool.

      Risk Management

      Knowing the basics of a disability income insurance policy is a good first step toward protecting your family.

      Risk Management

      If you have a family who relies on your income, it is important to have life insurance protection.

      Risk Management

      If you were to suffer an illness or disability that required long-term nursing care, would you be covered?

      Risk Management

      Split-dollar life insurance is an arrangement to purchase and fund life insurance between two parties.

      Retirement

      If you start saving for retirement sooner, the more money you are likely to accumulate and possibly retire sooner.

      Retirement

      Allocating too much of your retirement investments to one company, even your own, can be a risky proposition.

      Retirement

      A split-annuity strategy can generate immediate income while potentially stretching some retirement savings.

      Retirement

      A 403(b) plan is a tax-deferred retirement savings plan that can only be offered by a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt entity.

      Retirement

      Employer-sponsored retirement plans are more important than ever, but managing the assets can be confusing.

      Retirement

      Living benefits can help protect variable annuity owners from running out of money in retirement.

      Retirement

      If you leave a job or retire, you should consider your options regarding your employer retirement plan assets.

      Retirement

      A money purchase plan is a retirement plan where employer contributions are based on a fixed percentage of compensation.

      Retirement

      Many realize it’s important to save for retirement, but knowing exactly how much to save is another issue altogether.

      Retirement

      The Social Security Administration’s retirement estimator gives estimates of your future benefits based on your actual Social Security earnings record.

      Retirement

      If you do not participate in an employer-sponsored retirement plan, you might consider a traditional IRA.

      Retirement

      When receiving money accumulated in your employer-sponsored retirement plan, you have two options: lump sum or annuity.

      Retirement

      Profit-sharing plans give employees a share in the profits of a company and can help to fund their retirements.

      Retirement

      With the changing pension landscape, it is important to take charge of your own retirement security.

      Retirement

      There are key dates after you turn 59½ that can impact your taxes, Medicare eligibility, and retirement benefits.

      Retirement

      401(k) employer-sponsored retirement plans have many benefits, including that the funds accumulate tax-deferred.

      Retirement

      The SIMPLE plan may appeal to small business owners as it is easy to set up, administer, and allows for a tax deduction.

      Retirement

      A Section 1035 exchange is a tax-free exchange of an existing annuity contract or life insurance policy for a new one.

      Retirement

      Tax-deferred retirement plans for self-employed individuals have higher contribution limits than IRAs.

      Retirement

      There are a variety of retirement planning options that could help meet your needs. Here are some of the most popular.

      Retirement

      An indexed annuity may provide some upside potential and downside protection.

      Retirement

      Qualified Roth IRA distributions in retirement are free of federal income tax and aren’t included in gross income.

      Retirement

      Annuities, an insurance-based financial vehicle, can provide many benefits that retirement investors might want.

      Retirement

      Greater demand is being placed on the Social Security system as the baby boom generation has begun to retire.

      Retirement

      A Roth 401(k) is funded with after-tax money, and allows for tax- and penalty-free withdrawal of earnings if requirements are met.

      Retirement

      A SEP IRA is a type of plan under which the employer contributes (up to a certain limit) to an employee’s IRA.

      Tax Planning

      There can be a substantial benefit to deferring taxes as long as possible.

      Tax Planning

      While stable, CDs can create an income tax bill. Fixed annuities and municipal bonds can offer tax advantages.

      Tax Planning

      For the grantor, there are a few potential tax benefits that can come with setting up a charitable trust.

      Tax Planning

      Want to keep more of your mutual fund profits? You may be interested in strategies to help lower your tax liability.

      Tax Planning

      It's important to understand tax-exempt vehicles when establishing a comprehensive tax planning strategy.

      Tax Planning

      IRAs and employer-sponsored retirement plans are subject to annual contribution limits set by the federal government.

      Tax Planning

      A 1035 exchange allows you to exchange your life insurance policy for one from another company without tax liability.

      Tax Planning

      Consider a trustee-to-trustee transfer to an IRA versus a lump-sum distribution from a workplace retirement plan.

      Tax Planning

      United States tax law is a constantly changing landscape. The latest major piece of tax legislation is the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.

      Tax Planning

      With traditional IRAs and most employer-sponsored retirement plans, taxes are not payable until funds are withdrawn.

      Tax Planning

      Changes to the tax code have left a few key deductions for itemizers, like medical, dental and some business expenses.

      Tax Planning

      Many traditional tax-advantaged investment strategies have gone away, but there are still some alternatives.

      Tax Planning

      Capital gains are profits realized from the sale of assets; a tax is triggered only when an asset is sold, not held.

      Tax Planning

      Required minimum distribution is the annual amount that must be withdrawn from a qualified retirement plan/account.

      Tax Planning

      The federal gift tax applies to gifts of property or money while the donor is living.

      Tax Planning

      Tax-deferred retirement account withdrawals before age 59½ generally trigger a 10% federal tax penalty.

      Tax Planning

      Everything you own, whatever the form of ownership, is subject to federal, and possibly state, estate taxes.

      Estates & Trusts

      The probate process can be lengthy and complex. There are strategies you can use to help avoid the probate process.

      Estates & Trusts

      If you haven't taken steps already, consider planning now for the distribution of the assets of your estate.

      Estates & Trusts

      An A-B trust can be an effective way to help reduce estate taxes and preserve family assets for heirs.

      Estates & Trusts

      A living trust can help control the distribution of your estate upon death.

      Estates & Trusts

      Life insurance can be used to help preserve the value of your estate for your heirs.

      Estates & Trusts

      To retain the tax advantages associated with charitable giving, your gift must be made to a qualified organization.

      Estates & Trusts

      A designated income beneficiary could receive payment of a specified amount from a charitable remainder trust.

      Estates & Trusts

      Careful estate planning is still one of the most important ways to manage and protect your assets for your heirs.

      Estates & Trusts

      Charitable lead trusts are designed for people who would like to benefit a charity now rather than later.

      Estates & Trusts

      A wealth replacement trust could be used to gift appreciated assets to a charity as well as provide for heirs.

      Estates & Trusts

      Wills and trusts allow you to spell out how you would like your property distributed, but they also go beyond that.

      Estates & Trusts

      Sole ownership, joint tenancy, tenancy in common, and community property have special benefits for property owners.

      Estates & Trusts

      If you believe your estate will be subject to estate taxes, consider how your heirs will pay the bill.

      Estates & Trusts

      Compare the advantages and disadvantages of different gifting strategies available for planned giving.

      Estates & Trusts

      One estate planning strategy that families with closely held businesses could consider is the family limited partnership.

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